Endometriosis And Infertility: How These Two Are Connected?

Endometriosis and infertility are two health issues that many women face. However, there are many people who don’t know how these are connected. Endometriosis happens when tissue like the lining of the uterus grows outside it. This can also sometimes make it difficult to get pregnant. In this blog, we will talk about how endometriosis affects fertility and what can be done to manage it.

At RISAA IVF, Dr. Rita Bakshi, a senior IVF specialist and gynaecologist, has helped many women with endometriosis who are trying to conceive. In this blog, we will explain everything about this condition, how it links to infertility, and more.

What is Endometriosis?

Endometriosis is a health condition where the tissue that normally lines the inside of the uterus (called the endometrium) starts growing outside the uterus. This tissue can grow on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or other nearby areas in the pelvis.

This tissue acts like the lining inside the uterus during a woman’s monthly cycle. It thickens, breaks down, and bleeds. It can lead to pain, swelling, and the formation of scar tissue over time because the blood has no other way to leave the body.

Endometriosis and infertility are linked because this condition can affect how the ovaries and fallopian tubes work. There are many women with endometriosis who may find it difficult to get pregnant. However, the symptoms of endometriosis and fertility can be managed with the right care and treatment.

Endometriosis Symptoms

Endometriosis symptoms can be different for every woman and some may not feel any signs at all. But in many cases, it can cause pain and discomfort, especially around the time of periods. It’s important to know about the early signs since endometriosis and infertility are linked. This will help you to get the right treatment at the right time.

Here are some common symptoms of endometriosis:

• Painful periods that get worse over time
• Cramps in the lower belly or back, even between periods
• Pain during or after sex
• Pain while passing urine or stool, especially during periods
• Feeling very tired most of the time
• Facing issues in getting pregnant
• Heavy bleeding or spotting between periods

How Endometriosis Affects Fertility?

Endometriosis can make it difficult for some women to get pregnant. It may also lead to some issues even after conception. This condition causes tissue similar to the uterine lining to grow outside the uterus. This can create blockages, inflammation, and hormonal changes that affect fertility. There are many women with endometriosis who may take longer to conceive or may need fertility treatments to help them.

Here’s how endometriosis affects fertility and may lead to endometriosis pregnancy problems:

• Fallopian tubes may get blocked and this can stop the egg and sperm from meeting.
• Ovarian function can be affected and this can reduce the quality or number of eggs.
• Inflammation in the pelvic area can make it difficult for an embryo to implant.
• Hormonal changes due to endometriosis may affect regular ovulation.
• In some cases, there may be higher chances of miscarriage, preterm birth, or complications during delivery.

Stages of Endometriosis and Risk of Infertility

Endometriosis and infertility are closely connected. Endometriosis is divided into four stages. This is based on how much tissue is growing outside the uterus, where it is, and how deep it goes. The stage of endometriosis does not always match the level of pain or the chances of getting pregnant. However, in general, the risk of infertility increases with the severity of the disease.

Here’s a simple explanation of each stage and how it may affect fertility:

• Minimal (Stage 1): A few small patches or spots of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. It usually has little or no impact on fertility.

• Mild (Stage 2): There is more tissue than Stage 1 and there are a few small cysts or shallow implants. Fertility may still be unaffected but some women may take longer to conceive.

• Moderate (Stage 3): Deeper tissue growth, possible ovarian cysts (called endometriomas), and some scarring. Fertility problems are more likely at this stage.

• Severe (Stage 4): Large cysts on the ovaries, deep implants, and severe scarring around pelvic organs. This stage has the highest risk of infertility and may require endometriosis fertility treatment to conceive.

When to See a Fertility Specialist?

It’s important to understand when to see a fertility specialist if you’re having issues in getting pregnant. There are some couples who conceive naturally within a few months and there are others who may need medical support. There are some signs which can show that something is not right.

Here are some common reasons to see an infertility specialist:

• Trying to conceive for over 12 months (if under 35)
• Trying for over 6 months (if over 35)
• Irregular or no periods
• Very painful periods or known endometriosis
• History of multiple miscarriages
• Male partner has low sperm count or motility
• You have a medical condition like PCOS or thyroid issues
• Planning to delay pregnancy and want fertility advice

How Endometriosis is Diagnosed?

Endometriosis can be difficult to diagnose because its symptoms look like other health problems. If a woman has painful periods, pelvic pain, or issues in getting pregnant then the doctor may check for endometriosis. The first step of the diagnosis usually includes asking about the symptoms and medical history.

Doctors may then do the following:

• Pelvic Exam: The doctor gently checks for lumps or tender areas.
• Ultrasound: A basic scan of the pelvic organs to look for cysts which are linked with endometriosis.
• MRI: Sometimes this is used to get a better picture of how deep the endometriosis is.
• Laparoscopy: This is a small surgery where a camera is put into the belly to look directly at the organs. It is the only way to confirm endometriosis for sure.

Treatment Options for Endometriosis and Infertility

The treatment for endometriosis and infertility depends on how serious the condition is, the woman’s age, symptoms, and whether she wants to get pregnant. Below are some common treatment options:

• Pain Relievers: Some medicines like ibuprofen can help to reduce pain during periods or pelvic pain.
• Hormone Therapy: These are medications that balance hormones and slow the growth of endometrial tissue. They may stop periods for a while but are not suitable if you’re trying to conceive.
• Surgery: If the endometriosis is severe then doctors may remove the extra tissue through a minor operation called laparoscopy. This may improve the chances of pregnancy.
• Infertility Treatments: If pregnancy is the goal then treatments like IUI (Intrauterine Insemination) or IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) may be suggested. IVF is often more effective for women with advanced endometriosis.
• Lifestyle Changes: It’s important to eat a healthy diet, manage stress, and do regular exercise. This can also support fertility along with medical care.

Can You Get Pregnant with Endometriosis?

Yes, many women with endometriosis can still get pregnant. However, it may take longer or need extra help due to the effects of the condition. Endometriosis can lead to swelling, scarring, or blockages in the fallopian tubes. It may also affect the ovaries or the lining of the uterus and this can make it difficult for a fertilized egg to implant.

But pregnancy is still very much possible. There are some women who conceive naturally and there are others who may get help from fertility treatments like IUI or IVF. So, it’s important to see a fertility doctor early to improve your chances.

The best age to get pregnant with endometriosis is usually between 25 to 35 years because fertility naturally starts to decrease after this age. So, early planning and proper care can help a lot in your journey.

How To Get Pregnant With Endometriosis Naturally?

Getting pregnant with endometriosis naturally can be difficult for some women. However, it’s still possible in many cases if the condition is mild. It’s important to make some healthy changes and track your body’s signals to improve your chances. Below are some simple steps that may help:

Tips to Get Pregnant Naturally with Endometriosis:

• Track your ovulation and plan intercourse around your fertile days
• Eat a balanced diet with fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
• Include foods rich in omega-3 fats (like walnuts, flaxseeds, and fish)
• Maintain a healthy body weight
• Avoid smoking, alcohol, and too much caffeine
• Reduce stress through yoga, meditation, or light exercise
• Get enough sleep and rest regularly

Final Thoughts

It’s important to understand endometriosis and infertility, especially if you’re planning to start a family. In this blog, we’ve shared what endometriosis is, its symptoms, how it affects fertility, stages of the condition, and natural ways to improve your chances of pregnancy. Understanding about your condition can help you to make better choices and feel more in control of your journey.

At RISAA IVF, Dr. Rita Bakshi (Senior Infertility Specialist and Gynaecologist) has guided many women who are struggling with endometriosis and infertility. If you’re unsure about your symptoms or need help getting pregnant, we’re here to support you. Call us at 95555 44421/22/23 or email [email protected] for expert advice.

Frequently asked questions (FAQs)

• Can you get pregnant with endometriosis?

Yes, many women with endometriosis can get pregnant naturally or with the help of treatments. However, it may take longer, and some may need fertility support like IVF.

• How common is infertility with endometriosis?

About 30% to 50% of women with endometriosis may face infertility. The risk increases with the severity of the condition.

• At what stage does endometriosis cause infertility?

Infertility is more likely in moderate to severe stages (Stage 3 or 4), where scar tissue, cysts, or blocked fallopian tubes may affect egg release and fertilization.

• What is the end stage of endometriosis?

The final stage (Stage 4) involves deep and widespread endometrial growth, large cysts on ovaries, and severe adhesions, which can significantly affect fertility and daily life.

• Can I live a long life with endometriosis?

Yes, endometriosis is not life-threatening. With proper treatment and care, most women can live a healthy and full life, although managing symptoms may be needed long-term.